The less someone has studied a topic, the louder their opinion tends to be. Be suspicious of your own volume.

Confidence and knowledge tend to move in opposite directions early on, because knowing a little hides the shape of what you have not met yet. Experts hedge because they can see the exceptions; beginners do not hedge because the exceptions are invisible to them. This is less a way to score other people than a gauge to point at yourself.

Notice yourself getting emphatic, then pause and ask how much you have actually read on the subject. Volume rising while evidence thins is the pattern to catch. Saying you are not sure costs nothing and keeps you honest.