Children are to be won to follow liberal studies by exhortations and rational motives, and on no account to be forced thereto by whipping.

Force can make a child comply and cannot make them learn, and what it teaches instead is that the subject is a threat. Interest, encouragement and a reason that makes sense to them will carry a young person much further than fear, which buys speed now and avoidance for life. The same is true of adults, who are only better at hiding it.

With a child who is resisting, look for the reason before the discipline. Ask what part is hard and sit beside them in it. Praise the effort you actually saw, since that is what makes them willing to try again.