Learning passes for wisdom among those who want both.

Information and judgement look identical to anyone who has neither. Someone who can recall a great deal and speak fluently gets read as wise, although recall and judgement are separate faculties and often do not travel together. The mistake is common because the visible signs of learning are easy to display and the signs of good judgement mostly are not.

When you are assessing somebody, look at decisions they made under uncertainty rather than at what they know. Ask what they got wrong and what they changed. And be careful of doing it to yourself, since reading widely is much easier than thinking well.