The Superior Man is aware of Righteousness, the inferior man is aware of advantage.

The contrast is in what you notice first when a choice arrives. One person’s attention goes straight to what is right to do; another’s goes straight to what they stand to gain. In easy cases both may act the same way, but under pressure the first instinct decides, and a habit of checking for advantage first slowly builds a character around it.

What makes this useful is that it turns into a question about your own reflex rather than a ranking of other people. In your next awkward decision, notice which question arrived first. Then ask whether you would be comfortable if others could see it.