Most “strategy” fails at step one: nobody wrote down what winning actually looks like.

Plans collapse less often from bad tactics than from a target nobody agreed on. Four people work hard in four directions, each sure they are helping, and the argument at the end is about what was supposed to happen. A goal you cannot describe in one sentence cannot be aimed at. Written down, it stops being a feeling and becomes something checkable.

On your next group project, make somebody say the finished version out loud and type it into the chat. One line: what exists, by when, and who sees it. Read it back before the final week.