When grandpa tells the same story again, listen for why it matters to him. Repetition is how people underline.

Repeating something is usually emphasis rather than a memory failure. A story somebody tells often is one that did something to them, and the retelling is them pointing at it, which means the interesting question is not the plot but why that particular moment stayed. People show you what matters by saying it twice.

Listen for the underlining this week in somebody who repeats themselves. Instead of waiting it out, ask one question about why that part stuck with them. You will often get something you have never heard, and they will notice that you asked.