Information answers what; understanding starts asking why.

Information tells you the state of things. Understanding starts when you ask what produces that state, and it is a different activity entirely, requiring more time and offering less immediate satisfaction. Most people stop at the first because the second is slower and rarely required.

With the next thing you learn, add one why. Why does it work that way, why did it develop like this, why does it fail when it fails. A single layer deeper is usually enough to convert a fact you would forget into an understanding you can use somewhere else.